緹庡疂鍥介檯闆嗗洟 2002騫?鏈?1鏃?!-- #EndEditable -->
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2002騫?鏈?鏃ワ紝鍦ㄥ緪鑽ｇゥ鏁欐巿鐨勫姙鍏錛岀編鍥姐€婄瀛︺€嬫潅蹇楃壒媧捐鑰匔harles C.Mann鍜屽姪鐞咼oshua Nicholas瀵瑰緪鏁欐巿榪涜浜?jiǎn)涓撹锛屽緪鏁欐巿鐨勪笁浣嵖U戞妧鍔╃悊錛氬尰瀛﹀崥澹邯鏅撳嘲銆佺暀緹庡綊鍥藉尰瀛︾澹瓩闇炪€佹媧插綊鍥藉尰瀛︾澹紶瀹濇稕涔熷悓鏃跺湪搴с€?/p>
Joshua:闈炲父鎰熻阿錛屽緪鏁欐巿鑳藉湪鐧懼繖涓帴鍙楁垜浠殑閲囪錛屾垜鏄彁鍓嶆潵涓浗錛孧ANN鏄槰澶╂櫄涓婅刀鏉ヤ腑鍥斤紝鎴戜滑浜嬪厛鏌ョ湅浜?jiǎn)鍑犱箮鎵€鏈夌殑鏂伴椈鍜屼綘鐨勭綉绔欎粙緇嶏紝璁や負(fù)榪欓」鎴愭灉鏄竴鍥介檯閲嶅ぇ鐨勪簨鎯咃紝浠栧皢緇欎漢綾誨甫鏉ュ仴搴峰拰騫哥錛汳ANN鏄甯鑰咃紝浠栨姤閬撹繃寰堝涓栫晫鐨勯噸澶х瀛︽垚鏋滐紝鍦ㄣ€婄瀛︺€嬫潅蹇楃殑褰卞搷杈冨ぇ銆傛嬈★紝涓轟簡(jiǎn)縐戝鎶ラ亾鐨勭湡瀹炴€э紝MANN浜茶嚜鏉ュ寳浜紝甯屾湜灝藉揩浠ユ柊闂葷殑褰㈠紡鎶ラ亾鍑哄幓錛岃€屽悗鍦ㄣ€婄瀛︺€嬫潅蹇椾笂鍙戣〃銆?/p>
Mann錛?/b>鎴戝湪鎶ョ焊涓婄湅鍒頒簡(jiǎn)鎮(zhèn)ㄧ殑鏂板彂鐜幫紝寰堟劅鍏磋叮錛屽氨鏉ラ噰璁夸竴涓嬶紝鍥犱負(fù)鎶ョ焊涓婄殑涓滆タ涓嶆槸寰堣緇嗐€佸噯紜€?br> 寰愶細(xì)鎴戞槸涓村簥鍖葷敓錛屾槸閫氳繃涓村簥鐨勭粨鏋滃啀鍥炲幓鎺㈢儲(chǔ)鎬庝箞瀹屾垚鐨勮繖涓繃紼嬨€傝€屾垜浠浗闄呬笂鐨勫悓琛屾槸鍦ㄧ爺絀剁粏鑳?yōu)鐢熷懡鐨勮典h簮錛屾墍浠ュ湪鍐嶇敓鍖誨鏂歸潰涓婏紝寰堝浜轟粛鏄鍦ㄦ兂璞￠樁孌點(diǎn)€傞偅涔堟垜浠殑緇撴灉鏄湪涓村簥涓婂疄鐜頒簡(jiǎn)鐨偆鍣ㄥ畼鐨勫師浣嶅啀鐢熷鍒訛紝鏄叏鍘氱毊鐨勫啀鐢熷鍒訛紝鐨偆鎰堝悎鍘熸潵璁や負(fù)鏄笉鍙兘鏃犵枻鐥曟剤鍚堬紝鐜板湪鐨勭毊鑲ゆ槸鏃犵枻鍏ㄩ儴鍐嶇敓錛屼竴浼?xì)鍎夸綘鍙互鐪嬪埌鍐嶇敓鐨剺q囩▼銆?/p>
Mann錛?/b>鐪熺殑鍚楋紵
寰愶細(xì)鏈変簡(jiǎn)榪欎竴涓復(fù)搴婄殑鐨偆緇撴灉錛屾垜浠繘涓€姝ョ爺絀跺鎵懼畠涓轟粈涔堝啀鐢熴€傛垜浠?979騫村紑濮嬬爺絀訛紝鐜板湪鎴戜滑鐨勭爺絀舵槸浠庣粍緇囦竴鐩村埌瀹冪殑婧愬ご-緇嗚優(yōu)銆?/p>
Mann錛?/b>1979騫村紑濮嬩粠浜嬩粈涔堟牱鐨勭爺絀訛紵
寰愶細(xì)1979騫存垜寮€濮嬫槸鐮旂┒鍐嶇敓鐨勭幆澧冿紝1979騫存垜鍦ㄥ尰瀛﹂櫌錛岀湅鍒扮儳浼ょ梾浜洪潪甯哥棝鑻︼紝鍙湁縐繪鐨偆錛屾病鏈夊埆鐨勫姙娉曘€傝€佸笀璇存病鏈夊埆鐨勫ソ鍔炴硶錛屾垜涓嶆湇銆傚綋鏃舵垜灝辨兂鑳戒笉鑳藉啀鐢熺毊鑲わ紝浠庢錛屾垜灝卞紑濮嬩粠鐢板湴閲岀殑鍗楃摐寮€濮嬪疄楠屻€?/p>
Mann錛?/b>鍗楃摐鍚楋紵鎴戦潪甯告儕璁舵槸浠庡崡鐡滃疄楠屽紑濮嬬殑銆?/p>
寰愶細(xì)鍗楃摐瀹為獙鏄繖鏍風(fēng)殑錛氭垜鍓婁簡(jiǎn)涓夊潡鐨紝涓€鍧楃敤娌癸紝涓€鍧楃敤姘達(dá)紙婀挎矙甯冿級(jí)錛屼竴鍧楀共鐕ャ€傛補(bǔ)瑕嗙洊鐨勯偅鍧楅暱鍑轟簡(jiǎn)鏂扮毊錛涚敤姘磋鐩栫殑鐑備簡(jiǎn)涓€涓礊錛涘共鐕ワ紙澶槼鐓у皠鐨勶級(jí)鐨勫氨闀垮嚭澶у潡鐤ゃ€備粠榪欓噷鎴戝緱鍒頒簡(jiǎn)涓€涓惎紺猴細(xì)鐢熷懡鐨勭幆澧冧篃鍐沖畾鐫€鐢熷懡鐨勭粨灞€銆備粠榪欎釜瀹為獙緇撴灉鎴戝氨鎯籌紝浜虹殑鐨偆涔熷皢浼?xì)鏄瘶q欐牱錛屾墍浠ュ氨榪涜浜?jiǎn)鍔ㄧ墿瀹為獙銆?
Mann錛?/b>榪欐槸鍦ㄤ粈涔堟椂鍊欙紵
寰愶細(xì)榪欐槸鍦?979-1981騫淬€?/p>
Mann錛?/b>榪欏氨鏄渶鏃╃殑鐮旂┒錛屾槸鍚楋紵
寰愶細(xì)瀵癸紝1981騫村姩鐗╁疄楠屽畬浜?jiǎn)涔嬪悗锛屾垜灏卞啓浜?jiǎn)25涓囧瓧鐨勮鏂囷紝姣曚笟浠ュ悗錛屾垜浠戶緇湪涓村簥涓婃不鐤楃梾浜猴紝緇撴灉鎴戝彂鐜版不鐤楃粨鏋滃拰鈥滃崡鐡滃疄楠屸€濇槸涓€鏍風(fēng)殑錛屽彧瑕佷繚鎸佸垱闈㈢敓鐞嗘€ф箍娑︼紝鍐嶈繘涓€姝ョ爺絀舵不鐤楁柟娉曪紝灝卞彲浠ヤ嬌鍏舵剤鍚堬紝鍑℃槸娌℃湁淇濇寔鐢熺悊婀挎鼎鐜錛岃€屾槸騫茬嚗鐨勶紝灝變細(xì)鐣欎笅鐤ょ棔銆備竴鐩村埌1988騫達(dá)紝涓村簥鐮旂┒娌℃湁鍋滄錛屼笉鏂湴璋冩暣娌葷枟鏂規(guī)硶錛屼嬌鍏惰揪鍒版渶濂界殑鏁堟灉銆?988騫翠箣鍚庡氨鍚戝浗瀹剁敵鎶ユ柊鑽紝琚崼鐢熼儴鎵逛負(fù)鏂拌嵂銆?/p>
Mann錛?/b>鍗敓閮ㄦ槸涓嶆槸綾諱技浜庣編鍥界殑FDA錛?/p>
寰愶細(xì)瀵廣€備絾鍦ㄩ偅鏃舵牴鏈笉鐭ラ亾鍘熺悊鏄粈涔堬紝鍙煡閬撲笉闀跨枻銆備絾鍦ㄩ偅鏃跺氨鍙戠幇浜?jiǎn)缁劸l囧涓婁竴縐嶇壒寮傜殑緇嗚優(yōu)錛岄偅鏃舵垜縐板叾涓衡€滃啀鐢熺粏鑳?yōu)鈥濓紝褰撴椂錛?989騫達(dá)級(jí)浠ョ編鍥界儳浼ゅ彈闅捐€呭熀閲戜細(xì)涓誨腑錛圚arry Gaynor錛夊強(qiáng)璇ヤ腑蹇?jī)鐨勫効绔ョ儳浼や笓瀹禗r.錛圓nthony BarBara錛夌編鍥界殑鐑т激鍖誨浠ｈ〃鍥㈡潵涓浗鑰冨療錛屾潵瀛︿範(fàn)榪欑鏂規(guī)硶錛屽綋浠栦滑鐪嬪埌鐑т激鐥呬漢鐨勬剤鍚堢毊鑲や篃寰堝悆鎯婏紝褰撴椂鎴戝憡璇変粬浠垜浠湪鐮旂┒榪欑鈥滃啀鐢熺粏鑳?yōu)鈥濓紝榪欏湪褰撴椂閮芥湁褰曠浉鍜岃褰曘€?/p>
Mann錛?/b>鍦ㄥ摢閲屽彂琛ㄧ殑璁烘枃錛?
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Mann錛?/b>灝辨槸璇翠綘浠嚜宸卞湪鍋氳繖欏瑰伐浣滐紵
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Mann錛?/b>瀵癸紝鏄殑銆?/p>
寰愶細(xì)鎴戝彲浠ョ粰浣犱竴涓瘮鍠伙細(xì)涓€涓嫻鏋滄爲(wèi)涓婃湁寰堝鑻規(guī)灉錛屾妸鑻規(guī)灉鎵撲笅鏉ユ帓鍙鳳紝鍐嶈創(chuàng)鍥炲埌鏍?wèi)涓婂Q岃繖搴忓彿騫朵笉鑳界湡姝ｅ弽搴旇嫻鏋滃湪鏍?wèi)涓婄殑纭垏浣嵕|€傛墍浠ユ垜浠嚧鍔涗簬緇嗚優(yōu)鐮旂┒銆傝繖涓庢暣涓笘鐣屽共緇嗚優(yōu)娼祦鏄帴杞ㄧ殑銆?
Mann錛?/b>鎴戞兂闂竴涓嬶紝娼滆兘鍐嶇敓緇嗚優(yōu)涓庡共緇嗚優(yōu)涓嶅悓鍚楋紵
寰愶細(xì)鏈変竴涓噸瑕佸尯鍒槸錛氭綔鑳藉啀鐢熺粏鑳?yōu)鏄笌缁劸l囩粏鑳?yōu)鍦ㄤ竴璧風(fēng)殑錛屾湁娼滆兘錛屼絾鏄潤(rùn)鎬佺殑錛涘共緇嗚優(yōu)鏄孌栦腑鐨勮繃紼嬬粏鑳?yōu)锛屾槸鍔ㄦ€佺殑銆?/p>
Mann錛?/b>榪欎釜闂寰堥噸瑕侊紝鎴戞兂鏇存竻妤氱殑浜?jiǎn)瑙ｄ竴涓嬶紝濡傛灉鎴戜粠鎴戣韓涓婂彇涓嬫綔鑳藉啀鐢熺粏鑳?yōu)锛屽啀鍙栦笅骞簿l嗚優(yōu)錛屽湪鏄懼井闀滀笅錛屼粬浠浉鍚屽悧錛?/p>
寰愶細(xì)涓嶄竴鏍鳳紝鏈夊尯鍒€?/p>
Mann錛?/b>鏈変袱縐嶄笉鍚岋紝涓€縐嶆槸鍔熻兘涓婄殑涓嶅悓錛岃繖鐐規(guī)垜鐞嗚В浜?jiǎn)锛屽彟涓€縐嶆槸緇撴瀯涓婄殑涓嶅悓銆傝璇︾粏璋堣皥濂藉悧錛?/p>
寰愶細(xì)緇撴瀯涓婃垜浠篃鍦ㄨ繘涓€姝ョ殑鐮旂┒銆傚湪鏃╂湡錛屾綔鑳藉啀鐢熺粏鑳?yōu)涓幘l勭粐緇嗚優(yōu)鐩稿悓銆傚孌栦互鍚庡氨涓庡共緇嗚優(yōu)鐨勫孌栨儏鍐電浉鍚屻€傛垜浠殑鐮旂┒榪樻病鏈夌粨鏉熴€?
Mann錛?/b>榪欎袱縐嶇粏鑳?yōu)鍦ㄤ綋鍐呭叡鍚屽伐浣滃悧锛煒q樻槸鐙珛琛屼嬌鍔熻兘錛熻繖涓€鐐瑰緢閲嶈錛屽ぇ瀹墮兘鐭ラ亾騫茬粏鑳?yōu)浜?jiǎn)錛岀幇鍦ㄥ張鍙戠幇浜?jiǎn)杩櫩U嶅畬鍏ㄤ笉鍚岀殑緇嗚優(yōu)銆傚畠浠殑鍏崇郴鏄粈涔堬紵
寰愶細(xì)鎴戞墍璁茬殑娼滆兘鍐嶇敓緇嗚優(yōu)鐨勫畾浣嶆槸鍘熶綅鐨勶紝鏈夊共緇嗚優(yōu)鐨勫啀鐢熷姛鑳斤紝鎴戜滑榪樺湪鍋氳繘涓€姝ョ殑緇撴瀯涓婄殑鍒嗗瓙鐢熺墿瀛︾爺絀躲€?br> 鎴戜滑鍦ㄥ疄璺典腑瀹屾垚浜?jiǎn)閮ㄥ垎缁劸l囧櫒瀹樼殑鍐嶇敓澶嶅埗錛屾瘮濡傝偩灝忕悆銆佽偩灝忕銆傚鏋滃畠浠殑鍔熻兘鍙戠敓鐥呭彉錛屽茍涓嶉渶瑕佽偩縐繪錛屽洜涓鴻偩鐨勫叾浠栭儴浣嶅茍娌℃湁鎹熷潖錛屾垜浠埄鐢ㄥ師浣嶇粍緇囧櫒瀹樺啀鐢熷鍒舵潵淇鍙楁崯閮ㄤ綅錛屼粠鏉ヨ揪鍒版不鐥呯殑鐩殑銆傝繖涓€鎴愭灉鍦ㄧ敓鍛界瀛﹂鍩熸槸涓€欏瑰法澶х殑璐＄尞錛屾垜浠妸榪欎釜鎬濊礬鍏竷鍑烘潵錛屾槸涓轟簡(jiǎn)璁╂洿澶氱殑浜哄皯璧板集璺紝鎵€浠ユ垜浠О鍏朵負(fù)鐢熷懡縐戝澶х垎鐐搞€?
Mann錛?/b>褰撶劧浜?jiǎn)銆傚緢鏄劇劧榪欎釜鎬濊礬鏄洿鏈夋晥鐨勩€傚鏋滄垜闇€瑕佹崲鑲撅紝鎴戣繕寰楃瓑寰呭鎵句笌鎴戠殑鑲劇浉絎﹀悎鐨勮偩鎹愮尞鍑烘潵鎵嶈銆?/p>
錛堜笅闈㈡斁騫葷伅浠嬬粛錛?/p>
寰愶細(xì)棣栧厛鎴戞姤鍛婇€氳繃鐮旂┒鎵€鑾峰緱鐨勪漢浣撶敓鍛戒負(fù)浠€涔堣兘鑷寤剁畫鐨勭粨璁猴紝鑰屽悗鍐嶇敤縐戝鐨勫疄楠岀粨鏋滆瘉瀹炲叾榪欎竴緇撹銆?/p>
Mann:鏄殑錛屾垜宸茶榪囨湁鍏蟲枃瀛椼€?/p>
寰愶細(xì)鎴戜滑鍦ㄥ師浣嶈繘琛岀殑鐨偆鎰堝悎鐨勭粍緇囧垏鐗囪瘉瀹炰簡(jiǎn)鐨偆鎰堝悎鏄敓鐞嗘€х殑錛岃€屼笉鏄梾鐞嗘€х殑鐤ょ棔鎰堝悎錛屽茍涓斿彂鐜頒簡(jiǎn)鍐嶇敓媧昏穬鐨勭粏鑳?yōu)銆傝繖浜涚粏鑳?yōu)鏄剛鑲l勭粐闂寸殑緇嗚優(yōu)錛岃櫧鐒剁毊鑲ゆ病鏈変簡(jiǎn)錛岀毊鑲や笅鐨勮剛鑲粍緇囬棿鐨勭粏鑳?yōu)浠嶅呬h湁鍐嶇敓鑳藉姏錛屽彲澶ч噺澧炴畺銆傦紙鏈塊-19鍨嬭〃鐜幫級(jí)
Mann錛?/b>閭ｈ繖浜涚粏鑳?yōu)鏄q茬粏鑳?yōu)鑰屼笉鏄疨RC鍚楋紵
寰愶細(xì)鐩墠鍙兘璇存槸PRC鍏鋒湁騫茬粏鑳?yōu)K-19闃蟲€ц〃杈劇殑鐗瑰緛銆傛甯哥毊鑲ゅ茍娌℃湁錛屾垜浠槸鍦ㄧ儳浼ゅ彂鐢熷悗嬋€媧諱簡(jiǎn)瀹冿紝28澶╀箣鍚庯紝褰㈡垚浜?jiǎn)鐨偆鍙?qiáng)鍏ㄩ儴闄勪歡錛岃繖涓粨鏋滆鏄嶬-19闃蟲€ц〃杈劇粏鑳?yōu)浠庢棤鍒版湁锛屽埌鏈€澶у€鹼紝鍐嶉€愭笎娑堝け錛屾甯哥毊鑲ゅ艦鎴愬悗娑堝け錛岃繖涓粏鑳?yōu)鐨勬棭鏈煘鏄綔鑳藉啀鐢熅l嗚優(yōu)銆?/p>
Mann錛?/b>鏄笉鏄薄縐嶅瓙鍜屾鐗╀竴鏍鳳紵鐢辯瀛愰暱鎴愭鐗╋紵
寰愶細(xì)瀵癸紒璇寸殑寰堝錛佷互涓婃槸鍘熶綅鏍囪錛屼笅涓€緇勬槸浣撳鍩瑰吇銆傚共緇嗚優(yōu)鏄綔鑳界粏鑳?yōu)鐨勫啀鐢煒q囩▼錛屼笉鏄彉涓哄共緇嗚優(yōu)錛屾槸璇存綔鑳藉啀鐢熺粏鑳?yōu)鍏锋湁骞簿l嗚優(yōu)鐨勫啀鐢熷姛鑳姐€傚茍涓旇繖縐嶇粏鑳?yōu)鍏锋湁娼滆兘鎬э紝鑰屼笖鏄粍緇囧師浣嶇殑銆傛綔鑳藉啀鐢熺粏鑳?yōu)涓庡師浣嶒q茬粏鑳?yōu)鏄墠鍚庡叧绯汇€?br> 榪欐槸鑲犵矘鑶滅殑緇勭粐緇嗚優(yōu)錛屼笉鑳藉尯鍒嚭鍝竴涓槸娼滆兘鍐嶇敓緇嗚優(yōu)銆?/p>
Mann錛?/b>閭ｆ€庝箞鍖哄垎鍛紵
寰愶細(xì)鍦ㄦ垜浠縺媧諱箣鍚庯紝鍝釜緇嗚優(yōu)鑳借嬋€媧匯€佸啀鐢熴€佸厠闅嗭紙鍏鋒湁騫茬粏鑳?yōu)鍐嶇敓鍔熻兘锛?jí)鍝竴涓氨鏄垜浠鎵劇殑娼滆兘鍐嶇敓緇嗚優(yōu)銆傛垜浠幇鍦ㄤ篃鍦ㄥ垎瀛愮敓鐗╁鍩哄洜鎶€鏈笂榪涜鐮旂┒錛岀湅瀹冧笌鍏跺畠緇嗚優(yōu)鏈変粈涔堜笉鍚屻€傦紙鍔ㄦ€佺爺絀跺凡瀹屾垚錛夋湁浜涚粏鑳?yōu)鏄笉鑳藉娈栫殑锛屽叾湄?fù)浣撶粏鑳?yōu)銆傚湪PRC澧炴畺榪囩▼涓紝褰㈡垚浜?jiǎn)鏂颁竴浠ｇ殑PRC錛岀暀鍦ㄧ粍緇囧櫒瀹樹腑銆傛垜浠笉浠呰兘鍦ㄤ綋澶栧煿鍏葷粏鑳?yōu)锛岒q朵笖鑳戒嬌鍏跺孌栵紝鍒嗗寲鏈€緇堝艦鎴愪竴涓柊鐨勭粍緇囧櫒瀹樸€傜敤鑽у厜鏍囪鐨勬柟娉曟垜浠彂鐜頒簡(jiǎn)鐨偆騫茬粏鑳?yōu)銆傝€岃繖縐嶅共緇嗚優(yōu)鐨勫墠浣撴槸浠€涔堬紝鎴戜滑璁や負(fù)鏄綔鑳藉啀鐢熺粏鑳?yōu)銆傝€屽悗鎴戜滑鍙堜粠娼滆兘鍐嶇敓緇嗚優(yōu)浣撳鍩瑰吇鍑虹粍緇囧櫒瀹橈紝浠庝袱鏂歸潰璇佸疄浜?jiǎn)娼滆兘鍐嶇敓缁嗚優(yōu)鐨勫瓨鍦ㄣ€傛垜浠病鏈夌敤鑳氳儙騫茬粏鑳?yōu)锛屾垜浠敤鐨勬槸鎴愪綋缁劸l囩粏鑳?yōu)銆?br> 涓栫晫涓婄殑縐戝瀹墮兘鍦ㄥ埄鐢ㄥ共緇嗚優(yōu)榪涜縐繪鐨勬帰绱紝鎴戜滑鐨勬€濊礬涓庝箣鏄笉鍚岀殑錛屾垜浠槸寮鴻皟鍘熶綅鑷韓緇嗚優(yōu)鐨勫啀鐢熶慨澶嶃€?br> 涓嬮潰浠嬬粛鐨偆鍐嶇敓鎶€鏈湪鐑т激鏂歸潰鐨勪復(fù)搴婂簲鐢ㄧ粨鏋溿€?/p>
Mann錛?/b>宸﹁竟閭ｄ釜鐑т激鐥呬漢灝辨槸鍙寵竟閭ｄ釜闈炲父鍋ュ悍鑻變繆鐨勪漢鍚楋紵
寰愶細(xì)鏄殑銆?/p>
Mann錛?/b>鐪熶簡(jiǎn)涓嶈搗銆?/p>
寰愶細(xì)鐑т激娌葷枟涓湁鏃墮渶瑕佽繘琛岀毊鑲ょЩ妞嶏紝浣嗘柊縐繪鐨勭毊鑲ゅ緢闅句笌鍘熺毊涓嬬粍緇囩粨鍚堝湪涓€璧峰艦鎴愬叏鍔熻兘鐨勭毊鑲わ紱鑰屾垜浠槸鍒╃敤鐨笅緇勭粐鍐嶇敓鍑烘柊鐨勭毊鑲わ紝鍏朵袱縐嶇粨鏋滅殑瀵規(guī)瘮鏄潪甯告槑鏄劇殑銆?/p>
Mann錛?/b>鏄殑錛屼粈涔堟槸MEBT錛?/p>
寰愶細(xì)MEBT鏄€滄箍鎬х儳浼ゆ不鐤楁妧鏈€濃€淢oist Exposed Burn Therapy鈥?/p>
Mann錛?/b>MEBO鏄腑鑽悧錛?/p>
寰愶細(xì)鎴戜滑鏄寜涓嵂鍋氱殑錛屼絾瀹冧富瑕佹槸涓煿鍏誨熀錛岀毊鑲ゆ槸鐢卞唴鍚戝闀匡紝浣犵湅鐨偆闀垮嚭鏉ヤ簡(jiǎn)銆?/p>
Mann錛?/b>鐪熺殑錛?/p>
寰愶細(xì)浠ュ墠濡傛灉鐑т激鍒伴澶達(dá)紝鎵€鏈夌毊鑲や笌鐨笅緇勭粐鍧囧潖姝葷殑璇濓紝鍙兘鎴偄錛屾病鏈夊姙娉曘€傜幇鍦ㄦ垜浠兘鍦ㄩ澶翠笂鍐嶇敓鍑烘柊鐨勮倝鑺界粍緇囧強(qiáng)鐨偆錛屾垜浠繕鍙互鐢ㄨ繖涓柟娉曟不鐤楃數(shù)鍑諱激銆傝繖涓€鎴愭灉鎴戜滑榪樻病鏈夊叕甯冿紝鎴戜滑鍙叕甯冧簡(jiǎn)涓€閮ㄥ垎銆傛垜浠瘡騫村湪涓浗娌葷枟鎴愬崈涓婁竾鐨勭儳浼ょ梾浜猴紝鎵€鏈夎繖浜涢兘璇佹槑鐨偆娼滆兘鍐嶇敓緇嗚優(yōu)錛屾垚涓哄共緇嗚優(yōu)鐨勫姛鑳斤紝鐒跺悗瀹屾垚鍐嶇敓澶嶅埗銆?br>
涓嬮潰鏄毊鑲ゅ師浣嶅啀鐢熷浘璋便€傝繖鏄垜浠殑鐞嗚鍜屾ā鏉褲€備互榪欎釜涓哄熀紜€錛屾垜浠啀楠岃瘉鍏跺畠鐨勫櫒瀹樼殑浣撳鍩瑰吇銆?br>
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